越橘叶的功效与作用禁忌
越橘叶的作用禁忌是什么?
要留意越橘叶的化学成分
含熊果甙(arbutin),熊果酸(ursolic acid)[1],甲基熊果甙(methylarbutin),氢醌(hydroquinone),氢醌单甲醚(hydroquinone monomethyl ether)[2],5,7,3’,4’-四羟基黄酮-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(5,7,3’,4′-tetrahydroxy flavone-3-O-D-galactopyranoside),5,7,3′,4′-四羟基黄酮-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy flavone-3-O-D-glucopyranoside)[3],洋梨甙(pyroside),毛柳甙(salidroside),4-羟苯基-β-龙胆二糖甙(4-hydroxyphenyl-β-gentiobioside)[4],金丝桃甙(hyperoside),萹蓄甙(avcicularin),槲皮素-3-D-葡萄糖-L-鼠李糖甙(quercetin-3-D-glu-cosyl-L-rhamnoside)[5],2-O-咖啡酰基熊果甙(2-O-caffeoylarbutin)[6],异槲皮甙(isoquercetin)[7]。又含鞣质和原花色素类:d-儿茶酚(d-catechol),l-表儿茶酚(l-epicatechol),d-没食子儿茶酚(d-gallocatechol)[8],左旋表儿茶素(epicatechin),右旋儿茶素(catechin),左旋表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin),右旋没食子地茶素(gallocatechin),原花青素(procyanidin)B-1,B-3,B-7,原花色素(proanthocyanidin)A-1,A-2,桂皮蹂质(cinnamtannin)B1、B2、D1、D0,表儿茶素-(4β→8)-表儿茶素-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-儿茶素[epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O-7)-cate-chin〕,表儿茶素-(4β→6)-表儿茶素-(4β→8,2β→8→7)-儿茶素[epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin(4β→8,2β→O→7)-catechin],表此茶素-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-表儿茶素-(4α→8)-表儿茶素-(4β→8)-地茶素[epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin-(4α→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-catechin],表儿茶素-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-表儿茶素-(4α→8)-表儿茶素-(4β→6)-儿茶素[epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin-(4α→8)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-catechin][9]。还含有14种酚酸类化合物,分别为水杨酸(Sali-cylic acid),对-羟基苯甲酸(p-ydroxybenzoic acid),草木犀酸(melilotic acid),香草酸(vanillic acid),龙胆酸(gentisic acid),高原儿茶酸(homoprotocatechuic acid),原儿茶酚(protocatechuicacid),丁香酸(syringic acid),香豆酸(p-coumaric acid),没食子酸(gallic acid),异阿魏酸(isoferulic acid),阿魏酸(ferulic acid),咖啡酸(caffeic acid)和芥子酸(sinapic acid)[10]。又含苯甲酰葡萄糖甙类,有1-O-苯甲酰-β-D-葡萄糖(1-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucose),2-O-苯甲酰-β-D-葡萄糖(2-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucose),6-O-苯甲酰-α-D-葡萄糖(6-O-benzoyl-α-D-glucose),6-O-苯甲酰-β-D-葡萄糖(6-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucose)[11]。此外,还含游离氨基酸(free aminoacid)和蛋白质(protein)[12]。
越橘叶的临床应用是什么?
1.《国药的药理学》:用于淋毒性尿道炎,膀胱炎。
2.《新疆中草药手册》:能利尿解毒。